食用葡萄糖與醫(yī)用葡萄糖的區(qū)別？
來源：http://www.nttdr.com 日期：2020-08-05 發(fā)布人：admin
醫(yī)用葡萄糖一般為液態(tài)，濃度與人體血漿滲透壓相同，而食用葡萄糖常見的都是白色粉末。食用葡萄糖用途更加廣泛，而醫(yī)用葡萄糖主要作用于醫(yī)藥領(lǐng)域，比如我們經(jīng)常見的輸液。下面我們具體來了解下兩者的不同之處。
Medical glucose is generally liquid, the concentration is the same as the osmotic pressure of human plasma, and the common edible glucose is white powder. Edible glucose is more widely used, and medical glucose is mainly used in the field of medicine, such as the infusion we often see. Let's take a look at the differences between the two.
食用葡萄糖特性點：
The characteristic points of edible glucose were as follows
無色或白色結(jié)晶粉末，無臭，甜度約為蔗糖的70%。相對密度1.544（25℃），溶點146℃（分解）。溶于水，稍溶于乙醇，不溶于乙醚和芳香烴。大水溶液中結(jié)晶時，帶有分子結(jié)晶水，熔點83℃，具有還原性和右旋光性。
Colorless or white crystalline powder, odorless, about 70% sweetness of sucrose. The relative density was 1.544 (25 ℃) and the melting point was 146 ℃ (decomposition). Soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, insoluble in ether and aromatic hydrocarbons. When crystallized in large aqueous solution, it contains molecular crystal water with melting point of 83 ℃ and has reducibility and dextroropticity.
用途：醫(yī)藥用于營養(yǎng)劑、兼有強心、利尿、解毒等作用。也可用作制備搞壞血酸，葡萄糖醛酸、葡萄糖酸鈣等的原料。食品工業(yè)中用制糖漿，糖果等。印染工業(yè)和制革業(yè)用作還原劑。
Uses: medicine is used as nutriment, and has the functions of strengthening heart, diuresis and detoxification. It can also be used as raw materials for the preparation of spoilage blood acid, glucuronic acid, calcium gluconate, etc. Syrup and candy are used in food industry. It is used as reducing agent in printing and dyeing industry and leather industry.
醫(yī)藥葡萄糖特點：
The characteristics of medical glucose are as follows
1.葡萄糖在醫(yī)學(xué)上主要用作注射用營養(yǎng)劑（葡萄糖注射液）。
1. Glucose is mainly used as a nutrient for injection (glucose injection) in medicine.
2.藥理作用:能補充體內(nèi)水分和糖分,具有補充體液、供給能量、補充血糖、強心利尿、解毒等作用。
2. Pharmacological effects: it can supplement water and sugar in the body, supplement body fluid, supply energy, supplement blood sugar, strengthen heart diuresis, detoxification and so on.
3.適應(yīng)癥：其5%溶液為等滲液，用于各種急性中毒，以促進毒物排泄；10%~50%為高溶液，用于低血糖癥、營養(yǎng)不良，或用于心力衰竭、腦水腫、肺水腫等的治療。
3. Indications: 5% of its solution is isotonic solution, which is used for various acute poisoning to promote the excretion of poison; 10% - 50% of high solution is used for hypoglycemia, malnutrition, or the treatment of heart failure, brain edema, pulmonary edema, etc.
4.葡萄糖作為非處方藥主要用于：⑴配制口服補鹽液以調(diào)節(jié)體液，用于出汗、嘔吐、腹瀉引起的體液丟失。⑵口服給藥用于身體虛弱、營養(yǎng)不良等以補充營養(yǎng)，或用于血糖過低者。
4. Glucose as an over-the-counter drug is mainly used for: (1) preparation of oral salt supplement solution to regulate body fluid, for fluid loss caused by sweating, vomiting and diarrhea. (2) oral administration is used to supplement nutrition for weak and malnourished people, or for patients with hypoglycemia.
二、功能主治：
2、 Main indications: 1
1．補充熱能和體液，用于各種原因引起的進食不足或大量體液丟失（如嘔吐、腹瀉、重傷大失血等)，全靜脈營養(yǎng)，饑餓性酮癥。
1. Supplement heat energy and body fluid, for various reasons caused by insufficient food intake or a large number of fluid loss (such as vomiting, diarrhea, serious injury, massive blood loss, etc.), total parenteral nutrition, starvation ketosis.
2．低血糖癥。
2. Hypoglycemia.
3．高鉀血癥。與胰島素合用，可促進鉀轉(zhuǎn)移入細(xì)胞內(nèi)。
3. Hyperkalemia. When combined with insulin, it can promote the transfer of potassium into cells.
4．高滲溶液用作組織脫水劑，可用于腦水腫、肺水腫及降低眼內(nèi)壓，常與甘露醇等脫水藥聯(lián)合應(yīng)用。
4. Hypertonic solution is used as tissue dehydrating agent, which can be used for brain edema, pulmonary edema and lowering intraocular pressure, and is often combined with mannitol and other dehydration drugs.
5．配制腹膜透析液。
5. Prepare peritoneal dialysate.
三、不良反應(yīng)：
3、 Adverse reactions:
1.胃腸道反應(yīng)，如惡心、嘔吐等，見于口服濃度過高過快時。
1. Gastrointestinal reactions, such as nausea and vomiting, occur when the oral concentration is too high or too fast.
2.反應(yīng)性低血糖。
2. Reactive hypoglycemia.
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